Welcome folks today in this post we will be building a minesweeper game in tkinter using python. All the full source code of the application is shown below.
Get Started
In order to get started you need to install the following library using the pip command as shown below
pip install tkinter
After installing this library make an app.py file and copy paste the following code
app.py
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# Python Version 2.7.3 # File: minesweeper.py from tkinter import * from tkinter import messagebox as tkMessageBox from collections import deque import random import platform import time from datetime import time, date, datetime SIZE_X = 10 SIZE_Y = 10 STATE_DEFAULT = 0 STATE_CLICKED = 1 STATE_FLAGGED = 2 BTN_CLICK = "<Button-1>" BTN_FLAG = "<Button-2>" if platform.system() == 'Darwin' else "<Button-3>" window = None class Minesweeper: def __init__(self, tk): # import images self.images = { "plain": PhotoImage(file = "images/tile_plain.gif"), "clicked": PhotoImage(file = "images/tile_clicked.gif"), "mine": PhotoImage(file = "images/tile_mine.gif"), "flag": PhotoImage(file = "images/tile_flag.gif"), "wrong": PhotoImage(file = "images/tile_wrong.gif"), "numbers": [] } for i in range(1, 9): self.images["numbers"].append(PhotoImage(file = "images/tile_"+str(i)+".gif")) # set up frame self.tk = tk self.frame = Frame(self.tk) self.frame.pack() # set up labels/UI self.labels = { "time": Label(self.frame, text = "00:00:00"), "mines": Label(self.frame, text = "Mines: 0"), "flags": Label(self.frame, text = "Flags: 0") } self.labels["time"].grid(row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = SIZE_Y) # top full width self.labels["mines"].grid(row = SIZE_X+1, column = 0, columnspan = int(SIZE_Y/2)) # bottom left self.labels["flags"].grid(row = SIZE_X+1, column = int(SIZE_Y/2)-1, columnspan = int(SIZE_Y/2)) # bottom right self.restart() # start game self.updateTimer() # init timer def setup(self): # create flag and clicked tile variables self.flagCount = 0 self.correctFlagCount = 0 self.clickedCount = 0 self.startTime = None # create buttons self.tiles = dict({}) self.mines = 0 for x in range(0, SIZE_X): for y in range(0, SIZE_Y): if y == 0: self.tiles[x] = {} id = str(x) + "_" + str(y) isMine = False # tile image changeable for debug reasons: gfx = self.images["plain"] # currently random amount of mines if random.uniform(0.0, 1.0) < 0.1: isMine = True self.mines += 1 tile = { "id": id, "isMine": isMine, "state": STATE_DEFAULT, "coords": { "x": x, "y": y }, "button": Button(self.frame, image = gfx), "mines": 0 # calculated after grid is built } tile["button"].bind(BTN_CLICK, self.onClickWrapper(x, y)) tile["button"].bind(BTN_FLAG, self.onRightClickWrapper(x, y)) tile["button"].grid( row = x+1, column = y ) # offset by 1 row for timer self.tiles[x][y] = tile # loop again to find nearby mines and display number on tile for x in range(0, SIZE_X): for y in range(0, SIZE_Y): mc = 0 for n in self.getNeighbors(x, y): mc += 1 if n["isMine"] else 0 self.tiles[x][y]["mines"] = mc def restart(self): self.setup() self.refreshLabels() def refreshLabels(self): self.labels["flags"].config(text = "Flags: "+str(self.flagCount)) self.labels["mines"].config(text = "Mines: "+str(self.mines)) def gameOver(self, won): for x in range(0, SIZE_X): for y in range(0, SIZE_Y): if self.tiles[x][y]["isMine"] == False and self.tiles[x][y]["state"] == STATE_FLAGGED: self.tiles[x][y]["button"].config(image = self.images["wrong"]) if self.tiles[x][y]["isMine"] == True and self.tiles[x][y]["state"] != STATE_FLAGGED: self.tiles[x][y]["button"].config(image = self.images["mine"]) self.tk.update() msg = "You Win! Play again?" if won else "You Lose! Play again?" res = tkMessageBox.askyesno("Game Over", msg) if res: self.restart() else: self.tk.quit() def updateTimer(self): ts = "00:00:00" if self.startTime != None: delta = datetime.now() - self.startTime ts = str(delta).split('.')[0] # drop ms if delta.total_seconds() < 36000: ts = "0" + ts # zero-pad self.labels["time"].config(text = ts) self.frame.after(100, self.updateTimer) def getNeighbors(self, x, y): neighbors = [] coords = [ {"x": x-1, "y": y-1}, #top right {"x": x-1, "y": y}, #top middle {"x": x-1, "y": y+1}, #top left {"x": x, "y": y-1}, #left {"x": x, "y": y+1}, #right {"x": x+1, "y": y-1}, #bottom right {"x": x+1, "y": y}, #bottom middle {"x": x+1, "y": y+1}, #bottom left ] for n in coords: try: neighbors.append(self.tiles[n["x"]][n["y"]]) except KeyError: pass return neighbors def onClickWrapper(self, x, y): return lambda Button: self.onClick(self.tiles[x][y]) def onRightClickWrapper(self, x, y): return lambda Button: self.onRightClick(self.tiles[x][y]) def onClick(self, tile): if self.startTime == None: self.startTime = datetime.now() if tile["isMine"] == True: # end game self.gameOver(False) return # change image if tile["mines"] == 0: tile["button"].config(image = self.images["clicked"]) self.clearSurroundingTiles(tile["id"]) else: tile["button"].config(image = self.images["numbers"][tile["mines"]-1]) # if not already set as clicked, change state and count if tile["state"] != STATE_CLICKED: tile["state"] = STATE_CLICKED self.clickedCount += 1 if self.clickedCount == (SIZE_X * SIZE_Y) - self.mines: self.gameOver(True) def onRightClick(self, tile): if self.startTime == None: self.startTime = datetime.now() # if not clicked if tile["state"] == STATE_DEFAULT: tile["button"].config(image = self.images["flag"]) tile["state"] = STATE_FLAGGED tile["button"].unbind(BTN_CLICK) # if a mine if tile["isMine"] == True: self.correctFlagCount += 1 self.flagCount += 1 self.refreshLabels() # if flagged, unflag elif tile["state"] == 2: tile["button"].config(image = self.images["plain"]) tile["state"] = 0 tile["button"].bind(BTN_CLICK, self.onClickWrapper(tile["coords"]["x"], tile["coords"]["y"])) # if a mine if tile["isMine"] == True: self.correctFlagCount -= 1 self.flagCount -= 1 self.refreshLabels() def clearSurroundingTiles(self, id): queue = deque([id]) while len(queue) != 0: key = queue.popleft() parts = key.split("_") x = int(parts[0]) y = int(parts[1]) for tile in self.getNeighbors(x, y): self.clearTile(tile, queue) def clearTile(self, tile, queue): if tile["state"] != STATE_DEFAULT: return if tile["mines"] == 0: tile["button"].config(image = self.images["clicked"]) queue.append(tile["id"]) else: tile["button"].config(image = self.images["numbers"][tile["mines"]-1]) tile["state"] = STATE_CLICKED self.clickedCount += 1 ### END OF CLASSES ### def main(): # create Tk instance window = Tk() # set program title window.title("Minesweeper") # create game instance minesweeper = Minesweeper(window) # run event loop window.mainloop() if __name__ == "__main__": main() |
Now if you execute the above python script by typing the below command as shown below
python app.py
