Welcome folks today in this blog post we will be building a arcade snake game in tkinter using pillow library. All the full source code of the application is shown below.

Get Started

In order to get started you need to install the following library using the pip command as shown below

pip install pillow

After installing this library you need to make an snake_game.py file and copy paste the following code

snake_game.py

import tkinter as tk
from random import randint
from PIL import ImageTk, Image

MOVE_INCREMENT = 20
MOVES_PER_SECOND = 15
GAME_SPEED = 250

class Snake(tk.Canvas):

    #init function to load the starting state of the game
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(
        width=600, height=620, background="black", highlightthickness=0
        )

        self.score=0
        self.snake_positions = [(100,100),(80,100),(60,100)]
        self.food_position = self.set_new_food_position()
        self.direction = "Right"
        self.bind_all("<Key>",self.on_key_press)

        self.load_assets()
        self.create_objects()

        self.pack()
        self.after(GAME_SPEED, self.perform_actions)

    #loading our assets - snake and food on the Canvas
    def load_assets(self):
        try:
            self.snake_body_image = Image.open("./assets/snake.png")
            self.snake_body = ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.snake_body_image)

            self.food_image = Image.open("./assets/food.png")
            self.food = ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.food_image)
        except IOError as error:
            print(error)
            root.destroy()

    #rendering the objects, score box and play area on the Canvas
    def create_objects(self):
        self.create_text(
            40,12,text=f"Score: {self.score}",tag="score",fill="#fff",font=10
        )

        for x_pos, y_pos in self.snake_positions:
            self.create_image(
                x_pos, y_pos, image=self.snake_body, tag="snake"
            )

        self.create_image(*self.food_position, image=self.food, tag="food")
        self.create_rectangle(7,27,593,613,outline="#525d69")

    #make our snake work for his food
    def set_new_food_position(self):
        while True:
            x_position = randint(1,29)*MOVE_INCREMENT
            y_position = randint(3,30)*MOVE_INCREMENT
            food_position = (x_position,y_position)

            if food_position not in self.snake_positions:
                return food_position

    # feeding our snake some snacks
    def check_food_collision(self):
        if self.snake_positions[0] == self.food_position:
            self.score +=1
            self.snake_positions.append(self.snake_positions[-1])

            self.create_image(
                *self.snake_positions[-1], image=self.snake_body, tag="snake"
            )

            self.food_position = self.set_new_food_position()
            self.coords(self.find_withtag("food"), *self.food_position)

            score = self.find_withtag("score")
            self.itemconfigure(score, text=f"Score: {self.score}",tag="score")

    #checking the conditions for game to end
    def check_collisions(self):
        head_x_pos, head_y_pos = self.snake_positions[0]

        return(
            head_x_pos in(0,600)
            or head_y_pos in (20,620)
            or (head_x_pos,head_y_pos) in self.snake_positions[1:]
        )

     #checking the users input
    def on_key_press(self,e):
        new_direction = e.keysym

        all_directions = ("Up", "Down", "Left", "Right")
        opposites = ({"Up","Down"}, {"Left", "Right"})

        if(new_direction in all_directions and {new_direction,self.direction} not in opposites):
            self.direction = new_direction

    #animating our snake :3
    def move_snake(self):
        head_x_pos, head_y_pos = self.snake_positions[0]

        if self.direction == "Left":
            new_head_positon = (head_x_pos-MOVE_INCREMENT, head_y_pos)
        elif self.direction == "Right":
            new_head_positon = (head_x_pos+MOVE_INCREMENT, head_y_pos)
        elif self.direction == "Down":
            new_head_positon = (head_x_pos, head_y_pos+MOVE_INCREMENT)
        elif self.direction == "Up":
            new_head_positon = (head_x_pos, head_y_pos-MOVE_INCREMENT)


        self.snake_positions = [new_head_positon] + self.snake_positions[:-1]

        for segment, position in zip(self.find_withtag("snake"), self.snake_positions):
            self.coords(segment,position)

    #performing actions based on user input
    def perform_actions(self):
        if self.check_collisions():
            self.end_game()

        self.check_food_collision()
        self.move_snake()
        self.after(GAME_SPEED, self.perform_actions)

    #end game
    def end_game(self):
        self.delete(tk.ALL)
        self.create_text(
            self.winfo_width() / 2,
            self.winfo_height() / 2,
            text=f"Game Over! You Scored {self.score}!",
            fill="#fff",
            font=("",10)
        )


root=tk.Tk()
root.title("Snake Arcade")
root.resizable(False,False)
root.tk.call("tk","scaling",4.0)

board = Snake()

root.mainloop()

Now just download the entire github repository from below

DOWNLOAD SOURCE CODE

After downloading the github repository the code directory structure will look something like this

Now just run the snake_game.py file by the below command

python snake_game.py